The overall benefit of charging trucks for the pollution they cause outweighs the limited negative price impact on consumers, shows a new report from the European Commission's in-house Joint Research Centre (JRC).
The study
was requested by EU ministers, who are currently seeking ways to break the deadlock over the Commission's proposal to recast the EU Eurovignette Directive.
Peripheral countries like Portugal, Malta, the Baltic countries and Ireland oppose the plans, as they fear that additional road charging would impose higher costs on their trade, while the EU's central transit countries would get most of the financial benefit.
Member states like Italy, the Netherlands, Finland and Bulgaria are willing to accept congestion charges, provided that they are applied to passenger cars as well.
Impact on final product prices 'negligeable'
The aim of the JRC analysis was to calculate the cost for international transport operations of the proposed Eurovignette Directive.
The EU executive's in-house research facility concluded that while the range of external cost charges for each corridor depends on the length of the corridor and the specific characteristics of the zones it crosses, the impact of the planned green charges on final product prices is "negligeable".
The report argues that 20% to 30% of the total external cost charges can be absorbed by operators themselves "in the form of improved efficiency and/or technology". Even if the total cost were passed on to the user of the transport services, "they would still have a very limited repercussion on final prices," the report continues.
Meanwhile, the JRC's calculations show that the introduction of Eurovignette would reduce CO2 emissions from road freight transport and fuel consumption by 8%, and that "if an average increase in transport costs of 3% is assumed, a decrease of 13.5 billion tonne kms in road transport volumes would be expected".
JRC estimates suggest that the internalisation of road freight transport costs at EU level on Europe's main roads would result in a total net welfare gain of €1.8 billion per year. Extending congestion charging to passenger cars would increase the net welfare gain to a yearly €2.3 billion.
Agriculture hardest hit
Areas producing or consuming agricultural products or raw materials that are transported in bulk are expected to bear the brunt of Eurovignette's impact on their operational costs. As fresh products need delivering quickly, their producers are less likely to change their shipment strategy and opt for other transport modes than producers of non-perishable goods of low value or high volume, the report notes.
'Eurovignette' for all transport modes
The authors conclude that "the overall benefits of charging for external costs outweigh the limited negative price impacts on individual transport operators" and argue that external cost charges can change transport system users' behaviour without increasing transport and product costs significantly.
Therefore, the principle of internalising external costs could be applied to other transport modes to provide "a level-playing field" and produce sustainable solutions for the whole transport system, stresses the EU research facility.
Connie Hedegaard, the EU's incoming climate policy chief, pledged to tackle transport emissions during a confirmation hearing in the European Parliament on 15 January, saying she would table an integrated legislative package on climate and transport during her mandate (EurActiv 18/01/10).
EurActiv
El acuerdo, que todavía debe ser ratificado por el Parlamento Europeo, prevé ampliar una tasa ya existente en los peajes para cubrir los costos de construcción y el mantenimiento de las carreteras. La idea es permitir a los Estados aumentar las tarifas teniendo en cuenta por primera vez criterios medioambientales.
